Oh.!
Sure, there are things you could do - like bolt the soles through, using a very thin nut under the insole (which I myself haven't yet done), and take repeated extreme measures to stretch the little toe area, but restretching leather is a pain in the neck and gets old fast.
AFAICT, there are a bunch of different "white" glues, in completely different chemical families. I don't know what type of glue to use if you don't know what the original glue was. Some of the engineers types here might know. E.g., in kayaks, when trying to re-stick to an adhesive that is hard to re-stick to after it has set, people sometimes roughen the surfaces and use epoxy - because epoxy doesn't have to form a chemical bond with the old surfaces to stick. Instead, it can fill up the spaces inside roughened surfaces. But I have no idea whether it would work for boots. Also, epoxies can be a bit complicated and messy to use, there are a bunch of different types with different characteristics, a variety of "fillers" that modify those characteristics, and in an ideal world, you would use skin, eye and lung protection. If you can maybe it does make sense to just wait until you return to Romania, and hope the white glue there sticks to the fully set older glue of the same type. If you can, maybe you could ship some of it to where you usually are (in case it won't get through airport or other security checks).
$150 (if that was USD) was really quite cheap compared to new (custom?) boots. It's not a huge loss. Plus, it sounds like you have gotten your money's worth out of them, and learned a lot doing so. Including what you want out of your your next pair.