I've been test chair for so many years at my club that I've learned to choose judges who are willing to take the time to talk to skaters and coaches about test results after the session. I've even had some judges ask me to tell the skater and coach that the judge wants to talk to them after the test. The judges know they are part of the educational system and want to help.
My suggestion would be that if as parents and coaches you want to undetand more about passing standards that you get together and hold a mini-seminar of your own. Contact a few judges, rent an hour of ice and invite a few skaters to "trial test" their programs or moves. Then have the judges mark the test sheets and explain to the group why what they saw passed or didn't pass and what needs work. It's up to the coaches to figure out how to get the skaters to do what the judges want to see after that.
In the past I've done a simpler format: i've invited a local judge to come to a club session and watch a few skaters; then afterward we go out to dinner and the judge tells us what she thought informally. It's good for everyone.